I-exhaust gasi-turbocharger inezingxenye ezimbili: i-exhaust gas turbine kanye ne-i-compressor. Ngokuvamile, i-exhaust gas turbine ingakwesokudla futhi i-compressor ingakwesokunxele. Ziyi-coaxial. I-turbine casing yenziwe nge-alloy cast iron cast iron. Isiphetho sokungenisa umoya sixhunywe kwipayipi le-cylinder exhaust, futhi isiphetho se-air outlet sixhunywe embotsheni yokukhipha umoya yenjini ye-diesel. I-air inlet end ye-compressor ixhunywe kusihlungi somoya se-air injini ye-diesel, futhi isiphetho se-air outlet sixhunywe kwipayipi ye-cylinder air inlet.
1. Exhaust gas turbine
I-exhaust gas turbine ngokuvamile iqukethe i-aizindlu ze-turbine, indandatho ye-nozzle kanye ne-impeller esebenzayo. Iringi yomlomo iqukethe iringi yangaphakathi yombhobho, iringi yangaphandle kanye nezindwani zomlomo. Ishaneli elakhiwe ama-nozzle blades liyashwabana lisuka lapho lingena khona liye endaweni yokuphuma. I-impeller esebenzayo yenziwe nge-turntable kanye ne-impeller, futhi ama-blades asebenzayo agxiliwe emaphethelweni angaphandle e-turntable. Indandatho yombhobho kanye ne-impeller eseduze yakha "isiteji". I-turbine enesiteji esisodwa kuphela ibizwa nge-single-stage turbine. Iningi lama-supercharger asebenzisa izinjini zomoya zesiteji esisodwa.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-exhaust gas turbine umi kanje: Lapho iinjini ye-diesel iyasebenza, igesi yokukhipha umoya idlula epayipini le-exhaust futhi igeleze iye eringini yomlomo ngengcindezi ethile kanye nezinga lokushisa. Njengoba indawo yesiteshi sendandatho yombhobho iyancipha kancane kancane, izinga lokugeleza kwegesi yokukhipha ekhaleni le-nozzle liyakhuphuka (nakuba ingcindezi nokushisa kwayo kuncipha). Igesi yokukhipha isivinini esiphezulu ephuma ku-nozzle ingena esiteshini sokugeleza kuma-impeller blades, futhi ukugeleza komoya kuphoqeleka ukuphenduka. Ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal, ukugeleza komoya kucindezela kubheke endaweni eyi-concave ye-blade bese uzama ukushiya i-blade, okubangela umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwe-concave ne-convex ye-blade. Amandla angumphumela womehluko wengcindezi asebenza kuwo wonke ama-blades akhiqiza i-torque yomthelela ku-shaft ejikelezayo, okubangela ukuthi i-impeller ijikeleze ngasendleleni ye-torque, bese I-exhaust gas ephuma ku-impeller ikhishwa echwebeni lokukhipha amanzi ngokusebenzisa i-torque. isikhungo se-turbine.
2. I-Compressor
I-compressor yakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-air inlet, i-impeller esebenzayo, i-diffuser kanye nezindlu ze-turbine. Ii-compressor i-coaxial ne-exhaust gas turbine futhi iqhutshwa i-exhaust gas turbine ukuze iphendukise i-turbine esebenzayo ngesivinini esikhulu. I-turbine esebenzayo iyisici esiyinhloko se-compressor. Ivamise ukuba nesondo lokuqondisa umoya eligobe phambili kanye nesondo elisebenzayo elivuleke kancane. Izingxenye ezimbili zifakwe ngokulandelana ku-shaft ejikelezayo. Izindwani eziqondile zihlelwa ngokukhazimula esondweni elisebenzayo, futhi kwakhiwa isiteshi esinwetshiwe sokugeleza komoya phakathi kwensingo ngayinye. Ngenxa yokujikeleza kwesondo elisebenzayo, umoya wokungenisa ucindezelwa ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal futhi uphonswa emaphethelweni angaphandle esondo elisebenzayo, okubangela ukucindezela, izinga lokushisa kanye nesivinini somoya kwanda. Lapho umoya ugeleza ku-diffuser, amandla e-kinetic omoya aguqulwa abe amandla okucindezela ngenxa yomphumela wokusabalalisa. Ekuphumeniizindlu ze-turbine, amandla e-kinetic omoya kancane kancane aguqulwa abe amandla okucindezela. Ngale ndlela, ukuminyana komoya wokungena kwenjini yedizili kuthuthukiswa kakhulu nge-compressor.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2024